LV & MV Switchgear Solutions

Modern cities, industrial facilities, and commercial enterprises can only achieve uninterrupted, safe, and efficient energy access through a strong electrical infrastructure. Alçak Gerilim (AG) and Orta Gerilim (OG) panel systems, which form the foundation of this infrastructure, are critically important in terms of receiving energy from the grid at the correct point, distributing it safely, and controlling it. OG panels, which ensure the safe management of high energy coming from the grid, and AG panels, which enable this energy to be distributed in a balanced and controlled manner to all units within the facility, ensure the flawless operation of the system.

Properly designed panel solutions increase energy continuity, minimize failure risks, and reduce operational costs for businesses. Therefore, the installation of AG and OG panel systems is not only a technical necessity but also an indispensable part of a sustainable and efficient business structure. Based in Adana, Gazi Coşkun Elektrik stands out in the energy sector with its comprehensive solutions in Medium Voltage (OG) cells, distribution and compensation panels, Motor Control Panels (MCC), and variable speed drives (VFD).

What is a Low Voltage (AG) Panel?

A Low Voltage (AG) panel is electrical equipment that enables the centralized management, protection, and safe distribution of electrical energy up to 1000 Volts (V) (1 kV) in buildings such as apartments, hospitals, shopping malls, schools, factories, and commercial structures.

How Does a Low Voltage (AG) Panel Work?

The AG panel receives electrical energy from the grid or transformer through the main input and integrates it into the system after passing it through protection components. In this process, fuses, switches, and circuit breakers operate to keep potential risks under control. The energy is then distributed to different lines according to demand, supplying various load points within the building. In case of abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, short circuit, or leakage current, protection devices automatically disconnect the circuit and ensure system safety. In this way, both the electrical installation and connected devices are protected.

What Are the Main Functions of AG Panels?

The functions of low voltage (AG) panels, which perform energy distribution, protection, compensation, and measurement-control functions together, are as follows:

• Electrical energy coming from the transformer output is safely and systematically distributed to different lines within the building.
• They ensure the safety of electrical equipment and users by automatically disconnecting the circuit in risky situations such as overcurrent, short circuit, and leakage current.
• Compensation processes aimed at increasing energy efficiency are performed through capacitor groups used to regulate reactive power balance.
• Electrical data such as current, voltage, and energy consumption are monitored to ensure system control and tracking.

What Components Does a Low Voltage (AG) Panel Consist Of?

The main components of AG panels consist of circuit breakers, contactors, fuses, measuring instruments such as voltmeters and ammeters, measurement transformers, and reactive power control relays. With these parts, the system operates safely, in a controlled manner, and in a traceable way.

Switching and Protection Components

• Circuit Breakers (Switches): Switching elements that protect electrical circuits against faults such as overcurrent and short circuits. This group includes miniature circuit breakers (MCB), molded case circuit breakers (MCCB), and air circuit breakers (ACB). They also enable safe opening and closing of circuits.
• Contactors: Electromagnetic switching elements that enable safe and repeated remote control switching of loads such as motors and lighting.
• Fuses: Protection elements that protect electrical circuits and cables against overcurrent and automatically cut the circuit when the current exceeds a set limit.

Measurement and Control Equipment

• Measuring Instruments: Devices such as voltmeters, ammeters, and frequency meters located on the panel allow real-time monitoring of voltage, current, and frequency values in the electrical system. Thus, the operating status of the system is continuously monitored.
• Measurement Transformers: Current and voltage transformers reduce high electrical values to levels that measuring devices and protection relays can safely detect, enabling precise and safe measurement.
• Reactive Power Control Relays: Used in compensation systems, these relays automatically connect or disconnect capacitor groups or reactors to maintain reactive power balance in the grid.
• Energy Analyzers: Advanced monitoring devices that precisely measure and record electrical parameters such as voltage, current, power factor, active and reactive energy, and harmonics. They enable energy quality analysis.

Auxiliary and Distribution Components

• Busbars: Highly conductive copper or aluminum elements that transport electrical energy within the panel and distribute it safely to different circuits. They have high current-carrying capacity.
• Surge Protectors (SPD): Protection devices that protect electrical systems and connected equipment against lightning strikes, switching surges, or sudden voltage spikes in the network.
• Terminal Blocks: Connection equipment that ensures cables are connected and distributed in an orderly, safe, and standard-compliant manner inside the panel.
• Signal Lamps and Push Buttons: Control devices located on panel doors that visually indicate system status (power on, fault, active, etc.) and provide manual control when needed.

What Are the Types of Low Voltage (AG) Panels?

Low voltage (AG) panel types are classified as wall-mounted, floor-standing (cabinet type), and outdoor type. Wall-mounted panels are compact panel types generally used in small and medium-sized facilities and save space by being mounted on walls. Floor-standing (cabinet type) panels are used in systems requiring high power, installed on the floor, and offer higher equipment capacity. Outdoor panels are designed for safe energy distribution in open areas thanks to their protection against environmental conditions.

What is a Medium Voltage (OG) Panel?

A Medium Voltage (OG) panel is electrical equipment that enables the safe control, protection, and distribution of electrical energy between the generation point and the low voltage distribution system. Operating generally in voltage levels between 1 kV and 36 kV, OG panels are used in factories, hospitals, shopping malls, organized industrial zones, power plants, and large commercial buildings.

What Are the Function and Operating Principle of a Medium Voltage (OG) Panel?

OG panels are equipment designed to ensure safe distribution and control of electrical energy and system continuity. These panels consist of components such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, protection relays, measuring devices, and busbar systems, playing an important role in the safe and efficient operation of medium voltage infrastructure. The main functions and operating principles of OG panels are as follows:

• Voltage Level Reduction: Reduces the high voltage value in the primary (input) winding to standard measurement levels in the secondary (output) winding.
• Insulation (Isolation) Provision: Increases safety for personnel and equipment by isolating measuring devices from the high voltage line.
• Measurement and Protection: Thanks to reduced voltage, energy consumption is measured, and in case of overvoltage or fault conditions, protection relays detect and safely manage the system.

What Are the Types of Medium Voltage Transformers?

OG panels have different types and are generally categorized according to usage area, insulation type, modular structure, and cell features. The most common OG panel types are as follows:

• Metal Clad OG Panels: Panels with metal-separated compartments that provide high safety.
• Modular OG Panels: Panels that can be expanded according to needs and used with different cell combinations.
• Gas Insulated (GIS) OG Panels: Compact panel systems insulated with SF6 gas.
• Air Insulated OG Panels: Classic medium voltage panels where insulation is provided by air.
• Outdoor Type OG Panels: Panel systems manufactured to withstand outdoor conditions.
• Indoor Type OG Panels: Panels designed for indoor use.

What Are the Applications of Medium Voltage (OG) Systems?

Medium voltage (OG) systems are used in many areas where energy consumption is high and electrical continuity is critically important. They are preferred in all large-scale facilities requiring safe energy distribution and uninterrupted operation. General usage areas are as follows:

• Large factories, production lines, mines, cement and steel plants, petrochemical facilities, and organized industrial zones.
• Transformer stations, power generation plants (hydroelectric, thermal, natural gas), wind and solar energy plants.
• Shopping malls, large business centers, skyscrapers, hotels, hospitals, university campuses, and metro stations.
• Airports, ports, train stations, metro lines, and large parking systems.
• Data centers, defense industry facilities, communication centers, and public buildings requiring uninterrupted power.

What Are the Components of a Medium Voltage (OG) Panel?

Medium voltage (OG) panels consist of many components with different functions used for the safe transmission, control, and distribution of electrical energy. These components are generally examined under four main categories according to their functions.

Switching and Interrupting Components

These are fundamental components that control energy flow and disconnect the system during faults.

• Circuit Breakers: Protect the system by automatically interrupting the circuit during normal operation or fault conditions such as short circuits. Vacuum and SF6 gas types are commonly used.
• Disconnectors: Provide a safe working environment by physically isolating the circuit when it is de-energized.
• Load Break Switches: Devices that can open and close circuits under a certain load but have limited short-circuit breaking capability.
• Earthing Switches: Increase safety by grounding residual energy during maintenance.
• Vacuum Contactors: Used especially in applications requiring frequent switching such as motor control.

Measurement and Monitoring Components

They enable safe and accurate monitoring of electrical values in the system.

• Current Transformers: Reduce high current to measurable levels suitable for measuring devices.
• Voltage Transformers: Reduce high voltage to create a safe measurement environment for protection relays and meters.
• Energy Meters and Analyzers: Record energy consumption and enable system analysis.
• Signal Lamps and Voltmeter Commutators: Provide visual monitoring of panel operating status and phase voltages.

Protection and Control Components

Components that protect the system against electrical faults and provide automatic control.

• Digital Protection Relays: Evaluate measurement data and send opening commands to circuit breakers in case of faults.
• Medium Voltage Fuses: Protect equipment by interrupting the circuit in case of overcurrent.
• Surge Protectors: Protect the system against lightning or sudden voltage surges by directing excess energy to ground.

Structural and Auxiliary Components

Components that support the physical integrity of the panel and contribute to proper system operation.

• Busbars: Conductive structures that transfer electrical energy between cells.
• Insulators: Provide safety by isolating conductive parts from the panel body.
• Anti-condensation Heaters: Prevent moisture formation inside the panel and avoid faults.
• Battery and Rectifier Unit: Provides uninterrupted control voltage to supply protection and switching systems.

Which Provinces Does Gazi Coşkun Elektrik Provide AG & OG Panel System Services To?

Serving all provinces of Türkiye in the energy sector, Gazi Coşkun Elektrik stands out with its AG and OG panel solutions. Within the scope of OG cells, the company carefully performs the installation of safe switching and protection systems at energy input points. It offers panel options tailored to the needs of businesses. In this context, it designs and installs distribution and compensation panels that reduce reactive energy costs. It implements Motor Control Panels (MCC) systems that ensure safe motor control. It integrates Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) solutions that increase energy efficiency and extend motor life into facilities.

How Is Pricing Determined for AG & OG Panel Systems?

Prices for AG and OG panel solutions are not based on a fixed list but are shaped according to the technical requirements and scope of the project. The installed power of the facility, energy distribution capacity, and system size play a key role in pricing. In addition, the type of panel used, equipment such as circuit breakers, relays, meters inside the system, and technical specifications directly affect the cost. Protection levels, automation structure, and additional functions such as remote monitoring are among the factors that may increase the price. Furthermore, material quality, brand preferences, site conditions of the installation area, and labor requirements also determine the total cost. Special system integrations such as compensation, MCC, or VFD also add extra cost elements to the project. Therefore, AG and OG panel solutions are usually offered with a project-specific pricing model determined after site inspection and engineering studies.